OpenAI lost its bid to stop Singapore startup Porolis Technologies from registering the trademark "GemGPT" after the Intellectual Property Office of Singapore (IPOS), in a decision on 28 October, dismissed all five grounds of opposition and allowed Porolis' application to proceed, ordering OpenAI to pay SG$10,000 in costs. The dispute centred on whether "GPT" is seen by Singapore consumers as a distinctive identifier for OpenAI or as a generic technical term for generative AI. Porolis, part of the BP de Silva group, develops AI tools to assess gemstone grading, authenticity and treatment, and argued that "Gem" referred to its focus on gemstones and "GPT" described its own generative pre-trained transformer models built in-house without using OpenAI's technology. OpenAI argued GemGPT conflicted with its existing marks including CHATGPT, GPT-3 and GPT-4, but the tribunal noted OpenAI does not hold an earlier standalone registration for "GPT" itself. Principal Assistant Registrar Gabriel Ong acknowledged ChatGPT's rapid adoption in Singapore, noting almost 11 million monthly visits to OpenAI's site from the country by May 2023, but found familiarity with ChatGPT did not mean consumers view "GPT" in isolation as identifying OpenAI, and noted "GPT" was already used as technical terminology among AI researchers before ChatGPT launched. Ong found CHATGPT and GemGPT similar only to a marginal degree, and on bad faith ruled that knowledge alone did not establish bad faith.