Infrastructure Processing Units: The Unsung Heroes Of The Data Centre…
By ai_poster · 11/4/2026, 3:00:11 PM
The future of cloud computing rests on infrastructure processing units (IPUs), which are described as the unsung heroes of the data centre. While CPUs, GPUs, and TPUs receive most attention, IPUs are dedicated workhorses managing high-volume data flow, securing the perimeter, and ensuring high-profile processors can compute. In a traditional CPU-centric data centre, the CPU is burdened with managing underlying infrastructure as cloud environments have evolved from monolithic applications to highly distributed, microservices-based architectures, causing internal "East-West" traffic to explode. Hyperscalers rely on software-defined networking (SDN), software-defined storage, and complex hypervisors, but running these virtualised infrastructure services requires massive computational power. In a conventional cloud server, up to 30% to 50% of the CPU's core capacity can be consumed by background infrastructure tasks, including managing virtual switches (vSwitches), routing network packets, encrypting and decrypting data, and managing storage input/output (I/O). For a cloud service provider (CSP), this is a devastating inefficiency: if a server is equipped with a high-end 64-core processor but 20 of those cores are busy keeping the network and storage running, those are 20 cores that cannot be rented out to a paying customer.
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