Waymo, Tesla, and Zoox are scaling robotaxi operations across the US, with Waymo opening its Dallas service to the public on Tuesday and nearly 150,000 people having tried Waymo since February. Amazon-owned Zoox announced Wednesday it plans to begin charging for rides in Las Vegas, while Tesla added new service areas in Florida and Texas and has started offering a limited number of unsupervised rides in some regions. Robotaxi companies are also expanding beyond the US, as Uber and UK-based Wayve received regulatory approval to start offering supervised autonomous rides in London this summer, and Waymo plans to launch a commercial service in London by the end of the year. Despite the rapid scaling, autonomous cars still have problems handling scenarios such as emergency response situations and navigating construction zones. Phil Koopman, an AV safety expert and emeritus professor at Carnegie Mellon University, said the more robotaxis scale, the more edge cases they will encounter, noting that at a hundred cars, rare issues can no longer be ignored. Waymo demonstrated this tension in May when it suspended freeway rides to improve vehicle behavior around construction zones.