Amazon Web Services (AWS) remains focused on cloudifying telecom operations, a process amplified by AI, but acknowledges the need for patience in this complex, long-gestating effort. Amir Rao, global director for telecom solutions at AWS, said operators’ cloudification paths remain diverse, noting “there’s no pattern, I’ll be honest.” Some operators, prompted by statements from figures like Jensen Huang and AWS CEO Andy Jassy—who is spending $200 billion on AI—seek cost eradication, while others focus on cost control and slower, more deliberate automation. AWS has not “taken the pressure off the pedal any single bit” but has adjusted its approach to account for legacy systems like mainframes. Many operators have homegrown OSS/BSS systems, seen in Korea and the U.S., running on mainframes for the last 30 years. The agentic era offers an opportunity to reinvent these applications using tools like Amazon Kiro or Bedrock and Bedrock Agent Core. AWS has used these paths with U.S. operators like AT&T and with operators in South Korea and Japan, but many others lack the capacity to build homegrown systems. Those who did build their own systems accumulated larger tech debt, while those using centralized platform vendors are in better shape.